??◆双语阅览
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casting blame is natural: it is tempting to fault someone else for a snafu rather than taking responsibility yourself. but blame is also corrosive. pointing fingers saps team cohesion. it makes it less likely that people will own up to mistakes, and thus less likely that organizations can learn from them. research published in 2015 suggests that a shaggy culture (“it wasn’t me”) shows up in organization performance. organizations whose managers pointed to external factors to explain their failings underperformed organizations that blamed themselves.
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责备是人的赋性使然：当呈现糟糕局势时，我们老是忍不住想见责别人，而不是自个承担责任。可是责备这种行为也有损坏作用。彼此责怪会削弱团队凝集力，还会让我们不太可以坦承差错，组织也就不太可以从中罗致经历。2015年宣告的研讨标明，甩锅文明（“不能怪我”）的影响能体如今股价中。那些打点者用外部要从来为本身缺乏脱节的公司的成果不如那些自我反省的公司。
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some industries have long recognized the drawbacks of fault-finding. the proud record of aviation in reducing accidents partly reflects no-blame processes for investigating crashes and close calls. the national transportation safety board, which investigates accidents in america, is explicit that its role is not to assign blame or liability but to find out what went wrong and to issue recommendations to avoid a repeat.
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一些作业早就知道到挑缺陷的坏处。航空业在削减事端方面创下了骄人的记载，有些缘由就是坠机和走运脱险事端的查询流程采纳“不责备”的原则。担任查询美邦交通事端的国家运送平安委员会清楚标明，它的责任不是责备或归责于某方，而是找出疑问地址，并提出主张，避免事端重演。
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the incentives to learn from errors are particularly strong in aviation and health care, where safety is paramount, and lives are at risk. but they also exist when the stakes are lower. that is why software engineers and developers routinely conduct “blameless postmortems” to investigate, say, what went wrong if a website crashes or a server goes down.
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从差错中罗致经历的动机在航空和医疗领域尤为激烈，因为在这些领域，平安至上，人的性命攸关。但当风险较低时，这种行动也存在。这就是为啥软件工程师和开发人员常常进行“无可责的过后分析”来查询，比方，假定网站溃散或效能器宕机，是哪里出了疑问。
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there is an obvious worry about embracing blamelessness. what if the wretched website keeps crashing and the same person is at fault? sometimes, after all, blame is deserved. the line that britain’s aviation regulator draws between honest errors and the other sort is a good starting-point. it promises a culture in which people “are not punished for actions, omissions or decisions taken by them that are commensurate with their experience and training.” that narrows room for blame but does not remove it entirely.
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我们关于承受无可责备的做法有显着的担忧。假定这个糟糕的网站一向溃散，是同一自个的错呢?究竟，有时分，责怪是大约的。英国航空监管机构在诚笃差错和其他差错之间划清鸿沟是一个极好的起点。这家公司践行着一种文明，我们“不会因为与其经历和培训相等的行为、遗失或抉择计划而遭到赏罚”。这减小了责备的空间，但并没有完全消除责备。
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there are two bigger problems with trying to move away from the tendency to blame. the first is that it requires a lot of effort. blame is cheap and fast: “it was nigel” takes one second to say and has the ring of truth. documenting mistakes and making sure processes change as a result require much more structure.?the second problem is the boss. people with power are particularly prone to point fingers. a recent paper by academics at the university of california, san diego, and nanyang technological university in singapore found that people who are in positions of authority are more likely to assume that others have choices and to blame them for failures.
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发布时刻：2023.1.21
作者：business
原文标题：why pointing fingers is unhelpful
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◆词汇堆集
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1.snafu
英/ sn??fu? /美/ sn??fu? /
n.（未按方案发生的）紊乱（局势）
adj.一团糟的，紊乱的，无次序的
v.使紊乱，使一团槽
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2.corrosive
英/ k??r??s?v /美/ k??ro?s?v /
adj.腐蚀的；腐蚀性的
n.腐蚀物
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3.shaggy
英/ ???ɡi /美/ ???ɡi /
adj.疏松的；表面粗糙的；毛发粗浓凌乱的
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4.paramount
英/ ?p?
r?ma?nt /美/ ?p?r?ma?nt /
adj.至为重要的，首要的；登峰造极的，权力最大的
n.最高控制者
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5.wretch
英/ ret? /美/ ret? /
n.意外的人，不幸的人；恶棍，坏蛋，厌烦的人
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6.commensurate
英/ k??men??r?t /美/ k??men??r?t /
adj.相等的；同量的；相同巨细的
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◆词组分配
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1.own up ??率直；直爽招认
2.point finger ??责备；推脱责任
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◆写作句总结
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原句：the line that britain’s aviation regulator draws between honest errors and the other sort is a good starting-point.
规划：xx is a good starting-point.
例句：using a good study plan is a good starting-point for success in school.????